Due to the difficulties in a smooth variation of inductor and capacitor, the Colpitts oscillator is mainly used for fixed frequency generation. At this state, the circuit can effectively act as an oscillator producing sustained oscillations by carefully monitoring the feedback ratio given by (C1 / C2). Full disclaimer here. Other components in the circuit are the same as that found in the case of common-emitter CE which is biased using a voltage divider network i.e. An oscillator is a mechanical or electronic construction which produces oscillation depending on few variables. Other components such as the tank circuit elements, coupling capacitors etc have no significant effect in the gain of an opamp based Colpitts oscillator. Feb 21, 2019 In a few applications where continuous and undamped oscillation is needed in addition with thermal stability, Colpitts Oscillator is used. Eg: Sine wave, square wave etc.. Oscillators are broadly classified into two – linear oscillators and non-linear oscillators. STMicroelectronics’ 3.3 V ultra-low clamping ESDL031-1BF4 protects data, I/O, and power lines. It is another type of sinusoidal LC oscillator and is basically a harmonic oscillator, which has a … The frequency of oscillations of the Colpitts oscillator can be determined using the equation below. By changing those two capacitor values we can control the feedback voltage which is further fed back to the tank circuit. The Colpitts oscillator can be realized using valves, transistors, FETs or op-amp. Applicable to obtain periodic output signals of high frequency. Figure 2 shows such a Colpitts oscillator which uses an Op-Amp in inverting configuration in its amplifier section while the tank circuit remains similar to that in the case of Figure 1. However, here the gain of the oscillator can be adjusted individually just by using the feedback resistor Rf, as the gain of the inverting amplifier is given as -Rf / R1. 5. The Colpitts oscillator was invented by American engineer Edwin H. Colpitts in 1918. To compensate this lost energy and to sustain the oscillation inside the tank circuit, a gain device is required. Although these two oscillator circuit consist three components as a tank circuit but the Colpitts oscillator uses a single inductor in parallel with two capacitors in series whereas the Hartley oscillator uses exactly opposite, one single capacitor in parallel with two inductors in series. This kind of circuit functions almost analogous to that of the one explained earlier. That means the input and output are in phase and it is a necessary condition of positive feedback for maintaining sustained oscillations. Voltage across C2 is phase opposite to that of the voltage across the C1 and it is the voltage across C2 that is fed back to the transistor. When the capacitors are fully discharged, the electrostatic energy stored in the capacitors gets transferred to the inductor as magnetic flux. In the above image op-amp based Colpitts oscillator circuit is shown. The tank circuit is connected along with the single inductor in parallel with two series capacitors. Same as other oscillators Colpitts oscillator consists of a gain device, and the output is connected with an LC circuit feedback loop. The gain of Op-amp based Colpitts Oscillator is higher than the Transistor based Colpitts Oscillator. It has a huge application in military and commercial grade products. Whereas, non-linear oscillators are used to produce non-linear (non-sinusoidal output waveforms). Electrical4U is dedicated to the teaching and sharing of all things related to electrical and electronics engineering. 4. We discussed few oscillators in our previous tutorials: The Colpitts oscillator was invented by American engineer Edwin H. Colpitts in 1918. Colpitts oscillator works with a combination of inductors and capacitors by forming an LC filter. As a result, these oscillators can be tuned either by varying their inductance or the capacitance. The frequency of the oscillations are determined by the value of the capacitors and inductor in the tank circuit. The only difference is that there is one additional capacitor connected in series to the inductor in the tank circuit. Colpitts oscillators are somewhat similar to the shunt fed Hartley circuit except the Colpitts oscillator, instead of having a tapped inductor, utilises two series capacitors in its LC circuit. 3. Here, as the power supply is switched ON, the transistor starts to conduct, increasing the collector current IC due to which the capacitors C1 and C2 get charged. The most common gain devices are transistors and operational amplifiers. In Colpitts oscillator, the capacitive voltage divider setup in the tank circuit works as the feed back source and this arrangement gives better frequency stability when compared to the Hartley oscillator which uses an inductive voltage divider setup for feedback. The Colpitts oscillator is designed to eliminate the disadvantages of Hartley oscillator and is known to have no specific disadvantages. The circuit diagram of a Colpitts oscillator using opamp is shown in the figure above. In the above image, the Transistor based Colpitts Oscillator is shown where the main gain device of the oscillator is an NPN transistor T1. On the other hand, the voltage feedback to the transistor is the one obtained across the capacitor C2, which means the feedback signal is out-of-phase with the voltage at the transistor by 180o. So that when there is variation in one capacitor the other capacitor also changes its capacitance in accordance with it. These two capacitors are connected in series and the junction is further connected with the supply ground. This resistor is very useful to stable the gain device during the thermal drift.

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