You're listening to a sample of the Audible audio edition. Copyright © 2014. Thomas Jefferson was a Founding Father of the United States who wrote the Declaration of Independence. Franklin fanned the flames of revolution by sending the private letters of Massachusetts Governor Thomas Hutchinson to America. Benjamin Franklin /ˈbɛnd͡ʒəm ɪ n ˈfɹ æ ŋkl ɪ n/, né le 17 janvier 1706 à Boston et mort le 17 avril 1790 à Philadelphie, est un imprimeur, éditeur, écrivain, naturaliste, … In 1775, Franklin was elected to the Second Continental Congress and appointed the first postmaster general for the colonies. But the Work shall not be Lost; For it will (as he Believ'd) Appear once More In a New and More Elegant Edition Revised and Corrected By the Author.”, In the end, however, the stone on the grave he shared with his wife in the cemetery of Philadelphia’s Christ Church reads simply, “Benjamin and Deborah Franklin 1790.”. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN was born in Milk Street, Boston, on January 6, 1706. His reputation facilitated respect and entrees into closed communities, including the court of King Louis XVI. He nurtured his appearance and reputation “I took care not only to be in reality industrious and frugal but to avoid all appearances of the contrary”. Franklin had actually written his epitaph when he was 22: “The body of B. Franklin, Printer (Like the Cover of an Old Book Its Contents torn Out And Stript of its Lettering and Gilding) Lies Here, Food for Worms. This legacy is framed and hanged in many newsroom walls in America. Franklin sailed to London to negotiate a long-standing dispute with the proprietors of the colony, the Penn family, taking William and his two enslaved people but leaving behind Deborah and Sarah. Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal led the nation through the Great Depression. Please try again. “FRUGALITY. His second stay was the last time the couple saw each other. The fourth U.S. president, James Madison believed in a robust yet balanced federal government and is known as the "Father of the Constitution.". Franklin learned to read at an early age, and despite his success at the Boston Latin School, he stopped his formal schooling at 10 to work full-time in his cash-strapped father’s candle and soap shop. In 1776, he was appointed commissioner to Canada and was one of five men to draft the Declaration of Independence. Scholastic Nonfiction; Original Edition (August 1, 2011), Reviewed in the United States on January 8, 2014, Reviewed in the United States on May 7, 2015. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation.” 3. Franklin even devised a new “scheme” for the alphabet that proposed to eliminate the letters C, J, Q, W, X and Y as redundant. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. He began to speculate about why the westbound trip always took longer, and his measurements of ocean temperatures led to his discovery of the existence of the Gulf Stream. The American Constitution and The Treaty of Paris. James grew angry, however, when he learned that his apprentice had penned the letters. “SILENCE. Please try again. Although James mistreated and frequently beat his younger brother, Franklin learned a great deal about newspaper publishing and adopted a similar brand of subversive politics under the printer’s tutelage. Philadelphia became his home base for the rest of his life. Franklin was 70 years old and the oldest delegate. Please try again. In 1748, Franklin acquired the first of several enslaved people to work in his new home and in the print shop. Franklin helped to draft the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution, and he negotiated the 1783 Treaty of Paris ending the Revolutionary War. Franklin was a leading writer, printer, political philosopher, politician, Freemason, postmaster, scientist, inventor, humorist, civic activist, statesman… This shopping feature will continue to load items when the Enter key is pressed. Convention, which is no doubt why he is often called the `` first American ``! In 1732 when he launched the first U.S. ambassador to France, making him essentially the one! Ratified by the colonies Franklin, was born in 1732 when he learned that his apprentice had the! 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