It is more commonly manifest with distance fixation and also in bright sunlight. It is the consequence of passive mechanisms due to the anatomy of the globes and orbits or due to active innervational mechanisms, resulting in divergence of the visual axes, which is compensated by fusional convergence. eCollection 2020 Jul-Sep. Binocular Summation and Control of Intermittent Exotropia. Is an intermittent deviation which is more likely to be manifest when fatigued, ill, or in a lowered mental state (ex. Kushner BJ. Intermittent exotropia: Intermittent exotropia frequently begins around the age of two years. It may progress to exotropia which may be latent (exophoria) or manifest (Exotropia). Performed to preserve or restore binocular function. Myopics, in particular, may control the deviation with glasses and may recover from intermittent exotropia. It begins in children over five years of age or in adults. The most common symptoms of IXT are closure of one eye, asthenopia and diplopia, but they are often absent. 2015 Oct;232(10):1165-73. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-105940. This occurs when a person who was formerly esotropic becomes exotropic. Pertinent Ophthalmological Examination Features for a person with exotropia: Exotropia is not a disease entity by itself, it is a motility disturbance. It is more commonly manifest with distance fixation and also in bright sunlight. Exotropia. Gros Islet, St Lucia. –  Prescription of overcorrecting concave (minus) glasses: Overcorrecting concave lenses stimulate accommodative convergence and may improve quality of fusion. The patient should be followed over time to know whether exotropia is stable or deteriorating. Non-surgical Management Options of Intermittent Exotropia: A Literature Review. One of the main difficulties in examination of IXT is neutralizing the fusional convergence in order to classify the strabismus. In the case of sensory exotropia, the poor acuity of one eye is the cause of the inability to maintain alignment. The frequency at which an intermittent exotropia can deviate can vary, making it difficult to catch in a vision screening in some cases. Intermittent exotropia causes the eye to sometimes move outward, often when you’re tired, sick, daydreaming, or looking in … Exotropia is a type of eye misalignment, where one eye deviates outward. Types of intermittent exotropia: Deviation is worse at near, and the patient has an abnormal near point of convergence. –  Part time occlusion: Part time occlusion of non deviating normal eye may treat suppression and amblyopia in deviating eye and thereby may correct exotropia and revert it to exophoria. It usually begins as exophoria. IXT is also characterised by the quality of control of the deviation by the patient, which is taken in account for therapeutic decision. Epub 2014 May 19. A child with intermittent exotropia does not develop diplopia (double vision) due to bitemporal suppression, unlike acquired manifest exotropia in adults. Asthenopia can also occur with reading. Intermittent exotropia frequently begins around the age of two years. In general, long-term surgical success is better if the exotropia is intermittent instead of constant and the patient has better binocular function at the time of surgery. This is important to record from surgical point of view, to avoid post operative diplopia in lateral gaze. Alternate occlusion of eyes may be done in cases showing equal preference. If suppression of the deviating eye occurs, the patient can have diminished binocular vision and stereopsis. This deviation may be noted by the parents or is detected on eye examination. There is an increased incidence with cerebral palsy and other neurologic disorders, craniofacial disorders, and ocular albinism. Active anti-suppression and diplopia awareness techniques may be used in cases of suppression. –      A child may close one eye (eye which diverges) in bright light. Is an exotropia with an onset during the first 6 months of life which is usually constant and does not resolve spontaneously. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. Infantile exotropia manifests during the first year of life. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. However, these symptoms are quickly controlled by development of sensory adaptation.

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